Editing Ed Rendell (section)

== Challenges and Limitations ==

Rendell's achievements had limits. While Center City thrived, many neighborhoods remained mired in poverty. The [[Civil Rights Movement in Philadelphia|racial disparities]] that had characterized Philadelphia for decades persisted. Public schools continued to struggle despite increased attention and resources. Crime remained high in poor neighborhoods even as tourist areas became safer. The "two Philadelphias"—one reviving, one declining—became a persistent critique of Rendell's tenure. He had saved the city from fiscal collapse and revitalized its center, but had not solved its deeper problems.<ref name="bissinger"/>

The tools Rendell used also created vulnerabilities. Tax abatements for development reduced future revenues. Stadium deals provided public subsidies to wealthy sports franchises. The emphasis on Center City development drew investment away from neighborhoods. Critics argued that Rendell had created a Potemkin village—an attractive facade hiding continuing decline. These criticisms had merit, but they coexisted with genuine achievements. Philadelphia at the end of Rendell's tenure was unquestionably better positioned than at the beginning, even if fundamental problems remained.<ref name="paolantonio"/>